Evidence integration between self-experience and observation in the cingulate cortex 来自经验与观察的证据如何整合成统一的信念？

We asked how observational learning interacts with evidence accumulation in the primate brain. In a two-player task, subjects alternated between acting and observing while both accumulated evidence. Behavior in humans and monkeys revealed a reliable asymmetry: observation is less effective than direct experience even when visual information and motivational state is matched. 我们研究观察学习如何与灵长类大脑中的证据积累相互作用。在一个双人任务中，受试者轮流执行和观察，同时双方都在积累证据。人类和猴子的行为数据显示出稳定的不对称性：即使视觉信息和动机状态匹配，观察学习的效率仍低于直接经验。

Electrophysiology in anterior cingulate cortex showed that experienced and observed evidence are both encoded and projected onto a shared belief axis, with a biased alignment toward self-experience. Population geometry and recurrent neural network modeling suggest this bias emerges from computations within ACC dynamics, providing a mechanistic account of why learning from others is systematically discounted. 前扣带皮层的电生理记录显示，亲身经验和观察所得的证据都会被编码，并投射到共享的信念轴上，但其对齐方式偏向自我经验。群体几何分析和循环神经网络建模进一步表明，这种偏差来源于 ACC 内部动力学中的计算机制，为我们为何会系统性低估从他人处学习提供了机制解释。